Multiple Choice Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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The definition of stress is a
a. | physiological response to frustrating events. | b. | psychological
response to frustrating events. | c. | perception of threat to a person's
well-being. | d. | combination of stressors. |
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2.
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A traumatic event would be defined as a
a. | situation of extreme danger outside normal human experience. | b. | human disasters of
extreme severity but not natural disasters of extreme severity. | c. | any natural disaster
that causes human trauma. | d. | any event that threatens a person's
well-being. |
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3.
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Believing that we have control over the duration of a stressful event
a. | lessens anxiety, even when the belief is erroneous. | b. | produces tension and
stress. | c. | often leads to learned helplessness. | d. | activates the use of defense mechanisms in most
cases. |
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4.
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Knowing that a tornado is approaching causes less stress than a tornado
appearing without warning because the predictable tornado allows a person to relax before the
tornado's onslaught. This is called the
a. | predictability hypothesis. | c. | safety signal
hypothesis. | b. | preparation hypothesis. | d. | Life Events theory. |
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5.
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A situation in which an individual has two or more opposing goals is known as
a
a. | conflict. | c. | crisis. | b. | frustration. | d. | dilemma. |
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6.
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Substance abuse, violence, and _____ are common correlates of post-traumatic
stress disorder.
a. | memory loss | c. | attentional problems | b. | interpersonal problems | d. | narcolepsy |
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7.
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One explanation for why abused wives may be reluctant to abandon their abusive
relationship is that
a. | they have learned to ignore the pain. | b. | they have developed learned
helplessness. | c. | they have developed learned apathy. | d. | All of the above are
true. |
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8.
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Why does performance suffer under extreme test anxiety?
a. | Anxiety interferes with retrieval of well-learned facts. | b. | Exhaustion causes
further anxiety. | c. | You are unable to make a successful primary appraisal. | d. | Your heart rate
drops to dangerously low levels. |
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9.
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Two neuroendocrine systems are responsible for the body's stress responses.
What are they?
a. | sympathetic and adrenal-cortical | c. | hypothalamic and
hippocampal | b. | parasympathetic and axon-dendritic | d. | sympathetic and
cholingeric |
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10.
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What stress responses appear to be beneficial in regard to a variety of task
performances?
a. | decrease in epinephrine and coping efforts | b. | increase in
norepinephrine and coping effects | c. | arousal of the adrenal-cortical system during
distress | d. | active coping combined with decreased levels of epinephrine and arousal of the
adrenal-cortical system |
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11.
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Current research suggests that individuals who develop PTSD may be predisposed
to show the disorder because of their
a. | abnormally high levels of activity in the amygdala. | b. | abnormally low
levels of cortisol. | c. | extremely strong memory systems in the
brain. | d. | extremely fast response of the pituitary-adrenal
system. |
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12.
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Physical illness related to emotional stress are called _____ illnesses.
a. | psychogenetic | c. | viscero-somatic | b. | parasympathetic | d. | psychophysiological |
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13.
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Stressful events have been associated with _____ of immune system
function.
a. | enhancement | c. | impairment | b. | selective alterations | d. | complete
destruction |
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14.
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When stressors, personality, and biological predispositions interact _____ may
occur.
a. | a vulnerability | c. | illness | b. | anger | d. | stress |
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15.
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Which of the following is an example of neurotic anxiety?
a. | Antonio has been laid off and is worried about paying his bills. | b. | Ernst is concerned
about mobility because his arthritis is getting worse. | c. | James is terrified that he'll make a fool
of himself at the next meeting in his office. | d. | Brian has just stepped in front of a truck and
is scared he'll be hit. |
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16.
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People are more likely to show a helpless, depressed response to negative events
if their attributions are
a. | external, stable, and global. | c. | internal, stable, and
global. | b. | external, unstable, and global. | d. | internal, unstable, and
specific. |
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17.
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April judges an aversive situation to external, unstable, and specific. How
likely is she to experience helplessness in that situation?
a. | very likely | b. | somewhat likely | c. | very
unlikely | d. | not enough information is given to draw any valid
conclusions |
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18.
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Which attributional style in response to negative events is linked to physical
illness?
a. | external, unstable, and global | c. | external, unstable, and
specific | b. | internal, stable, and global | d. | internal, stable, and
specific |
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19.
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Which behaviors would NOT be considered characteristic of Type A
behavior?
a. | playing every game to win | c. | procrastinating in doing school
work | b. | hurrying the speech of others | d. | constant feelings of self
doubt |
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20.
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Bill uses repressive coping to deal with his financial difficulties. Evidence
suggests that he would show more _____ in response to stressors than would someone who did not use
this coping style.
a. | effective coping | c. | problem solving difficulties | b. | autonomic nervous
system activity | d. | coping
style changes |
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