Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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The _____ is the basic unit of the nervous system.
a. | synapse | c. | spinal cord | b. | neuron | d. | brain |
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2.
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Neurons
a. | support and nourish glial cells. | b. | transmit neural impulses. | c. | are present only in
higher animals like man. | d. | are composed of many nerves bundled
together. |
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3.
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In its resting state, the inside of a neuron carries a _____ charge with respect
to the outside.
a. | positive | c. | depolarized | b. | negative | d. | inactive |
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4.
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Most of the axons of a human's motor neurons are covered by an insulating
substance called
a. | myelin sheath. | c. | neurotransmitters. | b. | synapses. | d. | glial cells. |
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5.
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As the intensity of the brightness of a light is increased, the sizes of the
action potentials of the neurons involved
a. | increase. | c. | first increase and then decrease. | b. | decrease. | d. | remains the same. |
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6.
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In most cases, signals are sent across the synaptic gap from one neuron to
another by
a. | electrical charges. | b. | the ion pumps. | c. | the release and
diffusion of chemicals. | d. | physical contact between the pre- and
post-synaptic membranes. |
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7.
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The action of a neurotransmitter
a. | must be prolonged to be effective. | b. | also depends on the different receptor types of
post-synaptic neurons. | c. | is always the same, no matter where in the
nervous system it appears. | d. | cannot be influenced by the post-synaptic
neuron once it has been released into the synapse. |
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8.
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Botulism and Alzheimer's disease have what in common?
a. | They both cause the degeneration of neurons. | b. | They both effect
acetylcholine and result in memory impairment. | c. | Their symptoms are due to changes in
acetylcholine containing neurons. | d. | Their symptoms are due to autonomic nervous
system disruption. |
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9.
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The glutamate NMDA receptor is different from other known receptors because it
requires two successive signals to be activated. First the membrane must be sensitized, then
glutamate can activate the receptor. The NMDA receptor plays a role in hypotheses about
a. | depression. | c. | altered states of consciousness. | b. | emotion. | d. | memory. |
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10.
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The nerve fibers running from the brain to and from various parts of the body
are gathered together in the
a. | spinal cord. | c. | medulla. | b. | somatic system. | d. | cerebellum. |
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11.
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Damage to your _____ would put you in the most immediate danger because it
controls breathing.
a. | reticular formation | c. | cerebellum | b. | medulla | d. | cerebral cortex |
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12.
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Because the _____ also influences the pituitary gland, it could be considered to
be the connection between the nervous system and the endocrine gland system.
a. | medulla | c. | hypothalamus | b. | thalamus | d. | limbic system |
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13.
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Which area of the brain acts as a relay station, directing most incoming sensory
information to a proper region of the cerebral cortex?
a. | reticular formation | c. | thalamus | b. | autonomic nervous system | d. | medulla |
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14.
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The _____ is primarily involved in higher mental processes.
a. | limbic system | c. | cortex of the cerebellum | b. | cortex of the
cerebrum | d. | reticular
system |
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15.
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CT scans, MRI, and PET scans have in common that they allow researchers
to
a. | study the brain without causing the patient distress or damage. | b. | determine the cause
of specific brain damage. | c. | understand the effect of various
neurotransmitters. | d. | do all of the
above. |
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16.
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After suffering a stroke, Dorothy's speech is not understandable. She has
probably suffered damage to her
a. | left cerebral cortex. | c. | left parietal lobe. | b. | right cerebral cortex. | d. | vocal chords. |
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17.
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In most people, the language areas of the brain is located in
a. | the right hemisphere. | b. | the left hemisphere. | c. | the hemisphere on
the same side of the body as the hand they write with. | d. | both parietal
lobes. |
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18.
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Damage to Wernicke's area is associated with _____ aphasia, a deficit in
the comprehension of words. Damage to Broca's area is associated with _____ aphasia, a
difficulty in enunciating words.
a. | expressive; receptive | c. | receptive; motor | b. | expressive; motor | d. | receptive;
expressive |
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19.
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The autonomic nervous system is
a. | involved in the unconscious regulation of internal organs and
glands. | b. | involved in the coordination of voluntary muscle groups. | c. | a component of the
central nervous system. | d. | controlled by the somatic nervous
system. |
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20.
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A normal male has
a. | 2 Y chromosomes. | b. | 1 X chromosome and 1 Y
chromosome. | c. | 2 X chromosomes. | d. | 23 X chromosomes and 23 Y
chromosomes. |
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