The highest level of need, in Maslow's hierarchy of need theory, is the need for self-actualization.

The three elements of performance that are, to some degree, under management control are ability, motivation and opportunity.

Motivation is what initiates, directs and sustains behaviour.

One of the key central elements, within expectancy theory of motivation, is ability.

Monetary rewards are a type of intrinsic reward.

Herzberg's two-factor theory divides work-related needs into two categories: hygiene factors and reward factors.

The first two groups of needs, in Aldefer's ERG theory, are external and relatedness.

Process theories emphasize the needs that motivate people.

The motivational aspect, of equity theory, lies in the proposition that people who experience inequity will be motivated to restore feelings of equity.

Physiological needs are the most basic human physical needs, which are reflected in the workplace as needs for adequate heat, air, and base salary.