____ ensures that once transaction changes are done, they cannot be undone or lost, even in the event of a system failure.

Deadlocks are possible only when one of the transactions wants to obtain a(n) ____ lock on a data item.

If several concurrent transactions are executed over the same data set and the second transaction updates the database before the first transaction is finished, the ____ property is violated and the database is no longer consistent.

A DBMS uses a transaction ____ to keep track of all transactions that update the database

The Oracle RDBMS uses the ____ statement to declare a new transaction start and its properties.

When a program is abnormally terminated, the equivalent of a ____ command occurs.

When the recovery procedure uses ____, the database is immediately updated by transaction operations during the transaction's execution, even before the transaction reaches its commit point.

In a(n) ____ backup of the database, only the last modifications to the database are copied.

Although the ____ locking approach improves the availability of data, its management requires high overhead.

A(n) ____ lock exists when concurrent transactions are granted Read access on the basis of a common lock.

A ____ database state is one in which all data integrity constraints are satisfied.

The ____ statement is used to end a successful transaction.

____ means that the data used during the execution of a transaction cannot be used by a second transaction until the first one is completed.

The three basic techniques to control deadlocks are: deadlock ____, deadlock detection, and deadlock avoidance.

All transactions are controlled and executed by the DBMS (subject to some limitations) to guarantee database ____.

In a ____ lock, the DBMS will lock an entire disk page.

All lock information is managed by a ____, which is responsible for assigning and policing the locks used by the transactions.

According to the ANSI SQL standard, when does a transaction begin?

The ____ lock allows concurrent transactions to access the same row as long as they require the use of different fields within that row.